Access to the London Underground at Piccadilly Circus.Piccadilly Circus with the Shaftesbury Memorial Fountain in the center-left.Another view of Piccadilly Circus.The Guards Crimean War Memorial on Waterloo Place.The Duke of York Column, a monument to Prince Frederick, the second eldest son of King George III.Trafalgar Square (with Nelson’s Column in the center), seen from the National Gallery.‘Dream of the Virgin’ by Simone dei Crocefissi (ca. 1365-80 AD).‘An Allegory of Love’ by Garofalo (ca. 1527-1539 AD).‘Mary Magdalene’ by Giovanni Girolamo Savoldo (ca. 1535-40 AD).‘Portrait of a Man’ by Jan van Eyck (1433 AD).‘Portrait of Giovanni Arnolfini and his Wife (“The Arnolfini Portrait”)’ by Jan van Eyck (1434 AD).‘The Martyrdom of Saint Sebastian’ by Antonio and Piero del Pollaiuolo (1475 AD).‘The Virgin of the Rocks’ by Leonardo da Vinci (ca. 1491-1508 AD).‘The Adoration of the Kings’ (detail) by Sandro Botticelli (ca. 1470-75 AD).‘The Painter’s Father’ by Albrecht Dürer (? – it may be a copy of a lost original) (1497 AD).‘Exhibition of a Rhinoceros at Venice’ by Pietro Longhi (1751 AD).‘Salome Receives the Head of Saint John the Baptist’ by Caravaggio (ca. 1607-10 AD).‘The Marriage at Cana’ by Mattia Preti (ca. 1655-60 AD).‘Philosophy’ by Salvator Rosa (1645 AD) – the Latin inscription on the stone tablet reads: “Be silent, unless what you have to say is better than silence.”‘Witches at Their Incantations’ by Salvator Rosa (1646 AD).‘Bathers at Asnières’ by Georges Seurat (1884 AD).‘Coastal Scene’ by Theo van Rysselberghe (1892 AD).‘Water-Lillies, Setting Sun’ by Claude Monet (1907 AD).‘Corner of a Cafe-Concert’ by Edouard Manet (ca. 1878-80 AD).‘Sunflowers’ by Vincent van Gogh (1888 AD).‘Farms near Auvers’ by Vincent van Gogh (1890 AD).The National Gallery seen from Trafalgar Square.The Admiralty Arch, designed by Sir Aston Webb and completed in 1912 AD.The old War Office building on Whitehall.A mounted trooper of the Household Cavalry on duty at Horse Guards building.The London Eye, on the south bank of the Thames River.Big Ben, seen from Victoria Embankment.Palace of Westminster, the meeting place of the House of Commons and the House of Lords, seen from Westminster Bridge.Westminster Palace seen from Abingdon Street; the palace was rebuilt from 1840-70 AD after a fire destroyed the original medieval building.St. Margaret’s Church, located on the grounds of Westminster Abbey; originally founded in the 12th-century AD, it was rebuilt in 1523 AD.Westminster Abbey; originally founded in 960 AD, it has been the site for the coronations of all British and English monarchs since 1066 AD.The Sanctuary at Westminster Abbey.Big Ben seen from Parliament Square.Closeup of Big Ben (officially: “Elizabeth’s Tower”), which stands 96 meters tall and was completed in 1858 AD.Statue of Winston Churchill in Parliament Square.Outside the Old Palace Yard on the west side of the Palace of Westminster; this was where Sir Walter Raleigh, Guy Fawkes, James Hamilton, and others were executed.Victoria Tower and the Palace of Westminster seen from Victoria Tower Gardens.The headquarters of the British Secret Intelligence Service (SIS, MI6) and Vauxhall Bridge over the River Thames.The British Museum.The Rosetta Stone, which is inscribed with a decree (on behalf of King Ptolemy V) in three different scripts: Ancient Egyptian hieroglyphs, Ancient Egyptian Demotic script, and Ancient Greek (196 BC).Ram sphinx of King Taharqo (25th Dynasty, 690-664 BC).The Gayer-Anderson Cat, which represents the cat-goddess Bastet (ca. 600 BC, possibly from around Saqqara).Assyrian panels taken from the North-West Palace in Nimrud; dated to 865-860 BC.‘The Royal Lion Hunt’, an Assyrian panel taken from the North Palace in Nineveh; dated to 645-635 BC.‘Return from the Hunt’, another Assyrian panel taken from the North Palace in Nineveh; dated to 645-635 BC.Tanagras – terracotta figures representing the wealthy elite in the latest fashions; these served both a domestic and funerary function (ca. 340-200 BC).‘he Nereid Monument, a sculptured tomb from Xanthos (4th-century BC).Statue of a Molossian hound, an extinct breed of dog, that is a 2nd-century AD Roman copy of a Hellenistic bronze original from the 2nd-century BC.Lely’s Venus, a sculpture of the goddess Venus surprised while bathing (1st or 2nd-century AD Roman copy of a Hellenistic original).Sculptures taken from the east pediment of the Parthenon for preservation at the British Museum.A rock crystal skull from the late 19th-century AD; created in Europe, it once fooled many who believed it was an artifact from the Aztecs.Basalt statue known as ‘Hoa Hakananai’a’ from Easter Island (ca. 1400 AD).The Bodhisattva Tara; from Sri Lanka (8th-century AD).Bust of the Bodhisattva Siddhartha emaciated through fasting; from Pakistan (2nd or 3rd-century AD).Shiva and Pavarti; from Orissa, India (12th or 13th-century AD).Turquoise mosaic mask of Tezcatlipoca (a human skull forms the base of this mask); Aztec, ca. 1400-1521 AD.The Enlightenment Gallery, which contains many objects that are organized into seven themes and displayed according to 18th-century AD practices.Three wax discs, one gold disc, and a crystal ball that were used by John Dee (b. 1527, d. 1608 AD) to conjure up spirits in an effort to understand the universe.An amber tankard from Königsberg (ca. 1640-60 AD).A porcelain plate from Russia that commemorates the 1918 assassination of Mosei Uritzky (1922 AD).The Sword of State, which belonged to one of two princes of Wales (Edward, son of Edward IV, and Edward, son of Richard III) (1473-83 AD).The Fishpool Hoard, the largest hoard of medieval coins discovered in Britain; they were deposited around 1464 AD.The Royal Gold Cup, which was originally made for the French royal family at the end of the 14th-century AD.The Lothair Crystal, which was probably made for the Carolingian King Lothair II (855-869 AD).The Sutton Hoo Helmet, one of four complete helmets to have survived from Anglo-Saxon England (6th or 7th-century AD).The Lycurgus Cup, a glass cage-cup from the Roman Empire (4th-century AD).The Mildenhall Great Dish, a silver dish from the Roman Empire (4th-century AD).The Cyrus Cylinder, an ancient clay cylinder from Persia (6th-century BC).Carved statues from ancient South Arabia (6th-century BC to 2nd-century AD).An official clay tablet that chronicles important events in the reign of Nebuchadnezzar between 605 and 595 BC; it pinpoints the Babylonian conquest of Jerusalem and the surrender of Jehoakim, King of Judah, at Jerusalem in 597 BC (6th-century BC).A Babylonian clay tablet that depicts the known world (700-500 BC).Amulets depicting Pazuzu, “demon of the southwest wind”, who was supposed to protect humans from evil (Iraq, ca. 900-500 BC).The Queen of the Night, a Mesopotamian goddess; thisplaque was probably made in Babylonia (southern Iraq) between 1792 and 1750 BC, during the reign of King Hammurabi.Two mummies of cats (Egyptian Roman Period, sometime after 30 AD).Ivory figurines; Egyptian, Early to Middle Predynastic Period (33rd to 32nd-century BC).The Semna dispatches, part of a Hieratic papyrus; Egyptian, 13th Dynasty, ca. 1780 BC.Bronze statue of a warrior on horseback; made in Taranto, ca. 550 BC.Gnathian baby feeders made in the shapes of rats; produced in Sicily, ca. 320-300 BC.A bronze masterpiece from Ancient Greece (ca. 450 BC).A Roman marble sculpture depicting an African acrobat on a crocodile; it may depict a member of the Tentrytae tribe of Egypt, who were famous for diving on the backs of crocodiles in the Nile River (ca. 1st-century BC or 1st-century AD).The Portland Vase, a Roman glass vase (ca. 15 BC – 25 AD).A Roman Bronze tintinabulum; objects like this were suspended in gardens and a winged-lion phallus was believed to provide protection against evil and to bring good luck to the household (1st-century AD).Bronze helmet of a Murmillo (a class of gladiator), that weighed 8 lbs; Roman, 1st-century AD.Two Sudanese throwing knives (19th-century AD).Head of a Queen Mother; from Benin, Nigeria (16th-century AD).A hat made from spider’s web, cane, and ostrich feathers; it was created by the San people in southern Africa (early-20th-century AD).‘Throne of Weapons’ by Cristóvão Canhavato; this throne is made from decommissioned weapons from Mozambique’s Civil War, which lasted from 1977-1992 AD (2002 AD).The West Front of St. Paul’s Cathedral, which was built in 1720 AD by Sir Christopher Wren.View of London from St. Paul’s Cathedral, looking west.Looking at the Shard from St. Paul’s Cathedral.View of London from St. Paul’s Cathedral, looking east.Looking out toward St. Paul’s Cathedral’s West Front.St. Paul’s Cathedral with its central dome in view.A reenactment of a firing squad from the Queen’s Regiment to mark the 300th anniversary of the 1715 Jacobite rebellion, at the Tower of London.The squad firing their muskets.The Byward Tower and Middle Tower (with the remains of the Lion Tower drawbridge pit in the foreground), on the west side of the Tower of London.An Elizabeth I shilling from 1560/61 AD.A Charles II gold trial plate from 1660 AD.A counter-marked American Liberty dollar; made during the Crisis of 1797 – it was quicker to stamp King George III’s portrait on to foreign coins than to melt them down and make new ones.The Wakefield Tower on the left and St. Thomas’ Tower on the right.A reconstruction of Edward I’s bed chamber.The Tower Bridge, seen from the Tower of London.The White Tower, in the center of the Tower of London fortress.Approaching the Bowyer Tower on the Inner Ward’s walls.The Waterloo Block, where the Crown Jewels are kept.Henry VIII’s armor, displayed in the White Tower.Another example of Henry VIII’s armor; this one is dated to 1540 AD.Pikeman’s armor, from around 1625 AD.A boy’s armor (possibly for the future King Charles I when he was five years old (ca. 1610 AD).“Holy Water Sprinkler” – a mace fitted with three gun barrels around the top spike; this was one of Henry VIII’s possessions and was created in the early 16th-century AD.A wooden head of Queen Elizabeth I, made for the Line of Kings display around 1780 AD.A hand cannon from the 15th-century AD.‘The Tiffany Revolver’, made and donated by Smith & Wesson in 1989 AD.A dragon made of weapons and armor and displayed inside the White Tower.Perkins steam gun, a steam-powered gun that reputedly could fire 240 balls a minute; the gun was never adopted since the boiler it utilized was difficult to transport and took too long to heat up (1824 AD).Supposedly an executioner’s mask, it is more likely a recycled scold’s bridle originally used to punish gossips.Guards and cannons outside of the Waterloo Block.Carvings on the wall inside Beauchamp Tower, made by two separate prisoners: John Dudley (1553/4 AD), top, and Robert Bainbridge (1586 AD), bottom.Looking out from the Beauchamp Tower at the Tower Green (the marking to the left of the path), where Anne Boleyn, Queen Catherine Howard, two other queens, two lords, and another lady were beheaded.Replica of “the rack” – an infamous instrument of torture.View of the White Tower from outside the Tower of London fortress, near the Thames River.The Tower Bridge, built in 1894 AD.The west side of the Tower of London fortress with the Byward Tower (the visitors’ entrance to the fortress) in view.The HMS Belfast, a Royal Navy light cruiser that participated in Operation Overlord, supporting the Normandy landings.The Shard, a 309.6 meter tall skyscraper that was completed in 2012 AD.The Globe Theater (“Shakespeare’s Globe”), a modern reconstruction built in 1997 AD that is based on the original 1599/1614 AD theater that stood nearby.Walking on the Millennium Bridge (opened in 2000 AD) with St. Paul’s Cathedral in view.Buildings along the northern bank of the Thames River.The Black Friar pub.The Duke of Wellington pub.The Prince of Wales pub.All pedestrian crosswalks in London have reminders painted on the road telling tourists (presumably) which way they should be looking for oncoming traffic – they should really just drive on the right like the majority of the modern world.Buckingham Palace, the London residence and principal workplace of the reigning monarch of the United Kingdom; the structure dates back to 1703 AD and has undergone many additions and renovations.The Victoria Memorial in front of Buckingham Palace; it was created by Sir Thomas Brock in 1911 AD.St. James’ Park Lake with the London Eye visible in the distance.A flower shop at night.Outside of Windsor Castle, the royal residence at Windsor that dates back to the 11th-century AD.The Upper Ward of Windsor Castle with the State Apartments on the left and the Private apartments on the right.The Round Tower (“the Keep”) in the Middle Ward, built by Henry II.The Visitor’s Apartments in the Upper Ward with the George IV Gateway.Another view of the Upper Ward apartments.The Round Tower and the Edward III Tower (in the distance, on the right).The Norman Gateway.St. George’s Chapel in the Lower Ward.One of the Queen’s Guards, at Windsor Castle.The Henry VIII Gateway at Windsor Castle.The western wall of Windsor Castle.Stonehenge, in Salisbury Plain.Stonehenge is believed to have been built during the Neolithic and Bronze Ages (3100-2000 BC).Another view of Stonehenge.Stonehenge seen from a distance.One last view of Stonehenge, a site whose function still remains a mystery.Recreations of Neolithic huts, located outside of the visitor center at Stonehenge.Church of Saint Mary Magdalen at Oxford.Street in the University of Oxford with a homeless man sleeping on the sidewalk.The Radcliffe Camera; it was built in 1749 AD to house the Radcliffe Science Library.The University Church of St. Mary the Virgin, with the Radcliffe Camera on the right side.Another view of the Radcliffe Camera.Entrance to Brasenose College from Radcliffe Square.View of the All Souls College quadrangle from the Radcliffe Square gate.The Tower of the Five Orders, viewed from Bodleian Library’s courtyard; the tower’s name is derived from the fact that it features – in ascending order – columns of each of the five orders of classical architecture (i.e. Tuscan, Doric, Ionic, Corinthian, and Composite).The Bodleian Library’s Divinity School, with a statue of the Earl of Pembroke in front of its entrance.Doorway for the Bodleian Library, with the coats-of-arms of several Oxford colleges.The Sheldonian Theatre, built by Sir Christopher Wren in 1668 AD.The Bridge of Sighs – named so due to its resemblance to the one in Venice and used to serve the same purpose (roughly).One of several busts that decorate the fence between Broad Street and the Sheldonian Theatre.High Street in Oxford with All Souls College and the University Church of St. Mary the Virgin on the right.The Martyrs Memorial (which marks the site where three bishops who would not reconvert to Catholicism during the reign of Queen Mary were burned) and Balliol College (which was founded in 1263 AD).Bottle of Pinot Grigio that was actually made from imported Pinot Grigio grape juice concentrate and then produced in England.
